- Rabbi Rabbuni → Heß, Moses
- Rabelais, François
- Racine, Jean
- Racioppi, Giacomo
- Racowiţă, Iancu
- Raczyn-Raczynski, Karl Eduard Natecz von
- Radcliff, Thomas
- Radcliffe, John Netten
- Radetzky → Radetzky von Radetz, Johann Joseph Wenzel
- Radetzky von Radetz, Johann Joseph Wenzel
- Radimský, August
- Radowitz, Joseph Maria von
- Radowitz, Paul von
- Raeder, Heinrich
- Raffaello Santi
- Raffel, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm
- Raffet, Auguste
- Raffles, Thomas Stamford
- Ragnar Lodbrök →
- Ragnar Lodbrok
- Rahel
- Raimondi Garibaldi, Rosa
- Raisin, Pierre
- Rajevič, Cvetko
- Rakitch → Rakić, Mita
- Rakić, Mita
- Rakowitz → Racowiţă, Iancu
- Rameau
- Ramiro I.
- Ramming von Riedkirchen, Wilhelm
- Ramorino, Girolamo
- Ramos Arispe, Miguel
- Ramsay, Andrew Crombie
- Ramsay, John
- Ramsay, 9th Baronet, Sir George
- Ranc, Arthur
- Randall, G. W.
- Ranickel, Kaspar
- Ranjit Singh
- Ranke, Johannes
- Ranke, Leopold von
- Raoul Lucet → Gautier, Emile
- Raoult, François Marie
- Raoul I. (le Vaillant)
- Rapine, Florimond
- Rasch, A.
- Rasch, Gustav Heinrich
- Raschkauw, von
- Rascol, Eugène
- Raspail, François-Vincent
- Raspe, Friedrich Wilhelm
- Raspe, Rudolf Erich
- Ratazzi → Rattazzi, Conte Urbano
- Rathery, Edme Jaques Benoît
- Rattazzi, Conte Urbano
- Rattazzi, Marie Studolmine Laetitia
- Rau, Karl Heinrich
- Rau, Wilhelm
- Rauch
- Raudot, Claude Marie
- Raugham
- Raumer, Friedrich Ludwig Georg von
- Rausch, Th.
- Rauschenplat, Johann Ernst Arminius von
- Rave, Bernhard
- Raveaux, Franz
- Ravenstein, Ernst Georg
- Ravenstone, Piercy
- Rawlings, Thomas
- Rawlinson, Henry Creswicke
- Raymond →
- Raymond Bérenger IV.
- Raymond de Saint-Gilles →
- Raymond IV.
- Read (Реад), Nikolaj Andreevič
- Readwin, T. A.
- Real, W.
- Réaumur, René Antoine Ferchault de
- Reaveley, Edward
- Rebello da Silva, Luiz Augusto
- Rebolledo de Palafox, Francisco de
- Rebolledo de Palafox, duque de Zaragoza, José de
- Rebolledo de Palafox, marqués de Lazán, conde de Navarrés, Luis de
- Rebour
- Rebstein
- Rechberg und Rothenlöwen, Johann Bernhard von
- Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von
- Reclus, Élie
- Reclus, Élisée
- Reddin, Daniel
- Reddlington, Cornelius
- Rede, Robert William
- Reden, Friedrich Wilhelm Otto Ludwig von
- Redesdale, John Thomas Freeman-Mitford, 1st Earl of
- Redgrave, Alexander
- Reding, N.
- Reding, der Ältere, Ital
- Redington, Sir Thomas Nicholas
- Redslob, Gustav Moritz
- Reed, Joseph Haythorne
- Rees, Otto van
- Reeve, Clara
- Reeves, William Dobson
- Regiena
- Regis, Vitale
- Regnard, Albert
- Regnauld
- Regnauld, Jules Antoine
- Regnault, Henri Victor
- Regnault, Élias
- Regnault de Saint-Jean d’Angély, Auguste Michel Étienne, comte
- Regnier
- Régnier, Mathurin
- Régo, Louis de
- Reh → Liebknecht, Natalie
- Reh, Theodor
- Rehausen, Johan Gothard von
- Reich, Eduard
- Reichel
- Reichel, Alexander
- Reichenbach, Bertha Gräfin von
- Reichenbach, Cornelius R.
- Reichenbach → Reichenbach-Goschütz, Oskar Graf von
- Reichenbach-Goschütz, Bogdan Graf von
- Reichenbach-Goschütz, Oskar Graf von
- Reichesberg, Naúm
- Reid, Robert
- Reider, J.
- Reider, Moritz
- Reiff, Wilhelm Joseph
- Reigny, C. de
- Reille, Honoré Charles
- Reimann, Albert
- Reimbold, Caspar
- Reimer, Dietrich Arnold
- Reimers
- Reina
- Reinach, Arnold
- Reinaud, Joseph Toussaint
- Reincke, Peter Adolf
- Reineke
- Reinhard, Ludwig
- Reinhardt, Ferdinand
- Reinhardt, Juliette
- Reinhardt, Marie-Josèphe (Renée)
- Reinhardt, Richard Julius
- Reinhold, Christian Heinrich
- Reinhold (Arzt)
- Reinke → Reincke, Peter Adolf
- Reinold von Montalban
- Reinolt →
- Reinwald, Charles
- Reiset, Jules de
- Reiss, Emil
- Reiss, H. L.
- Reiss, James Edward
- Reitemeier, Johann Friedrich
- Reitenbach, John
- Reitlinger, Frédéric (Friedrich)
- Reitzenstein, Freiherr von
- Remkes → Engels, Mathilde
- Remkes, Familie
- Remkes, Henrietta
- Remkes, Johann Paul
- Rempel, Rudolph
- Rémusat, Charles Francois Marie de
- Rémusat, Charles François Marie de
- Remy, E.
- Remy, Léon
- Remy, Theodor
- Renan, Ernest
- Renaud, Antoine Francois
- Renauld
- Renault, Bernard
- Rénay
- Rendtorff, L. O.
- Renée de France
- Rengger, Johann Rudolf
- Rennie, William
- Rennspies(s) → Anders, Heinrich
- Renovales, Mariano de
- Renshaw, Charles
- Renshaw [Ehefrau]
- Réouf Pascha
- Requena, duque de la Roca, Vicente del Alcázar de
- Requesens, Luis de
- Reschid Pascha, Mustafa
- Ressegueire, Jean Pierre Charles
- Retiès, Alexandre
- Rétif de La Bretonne → Noilliac, Bénigne Victor Aimé
- Retslag, Christian
- Retz, Jean François Paul de Gondi cardinal de
- Reuchlin, Johann
- Reuleaux, Franz
- Reusche, Friedrich
- Reusche, Guido
- Reuss, Ferdinand Friedrich
- Reuter, Fritz
- Reuter, Max
- Reuter, Paul Julius de
- Reuter, S.
- Revenga, José Rafael
- Reverchon, Adelheid
- Reverchon, Adrien
- Reverchon, Karl
- Rey, Jules-Émile-Aristide
- Reybaud, Marie-Roch-Louis
- Reymond
- Reymond, Giangiacomo
- Reymond, William
- Reynach
- Reynard, François
- Reynolds
- Reynolds, George William MacArthur
- Rheinlaender (Rheinländer), Georg Friedrich
- Rhigas, Konstantinos
- Rhinländer → Rheinlaender (Rheinländer) , Georg Friedrich
- Rhode
- Rhodes, Cecil John
- Rhodes, William Barnes
- Ribaud, Louis
- Ribbentrop, Adolf
- Ribeaupierre → Ribop’er, Graf, Aleksandr Ivanovič de
- Ribeiro, Carlos
- Ribera, Juan de
- Riboli, Timoteo
- Ribop’er, Graf, Aleksandr Ivanovič de
- Ribot y Fontseré, Antonio
- Ricafort Palacín de la Barca, Mariano
- Ricardo, David
- Ricaut, Sir Paul
- Ricca-Salerno, Giuseppe
- Riccardo → Ricardo, David
- Ricciardi, conte di Camaldoli, Giuseppe Napoleone
- Riccio, Salvatore
- Richard, Albert Marie
- Richard, Charles Louis Florentin
- Richard, Henry
- Richard, Honoré
- Richard Puller → Ravenstone, Piercy
- Richard the Lionheart →
- Richard von Greiffenklau
- Richards, Alfred Bate
- Richards, Sir George Henry
- Richards, Westley
- Richardson
- Richardson
- Richardson, John
- Richard I.
- Richard II.
- Richard III.
- Richart, Vicente
- Richelieu, Armand Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis de
- Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis de
- Richelieu, Louis Francois Armand de Vignerot du Plessis de
- Richelot, Henri
- Richemont, Louis August Camus, baron de
- Richet, Nestor
- Richter → Feibel, Heinrich
- Richter, Eugen
- Richter, F. W.
- Richter, Heinrich
- Richter, Heinrich Moritz (seit 1902) Ritter von
- Richter, Jakob Ferdinand
- Richter, Jeremias Benjamin
- Richter, Johann Paul Friedrich
- Richthofen, Bernhard Ludwig Eduard von
- Rickards, Robert
- Rickers, H. F.
- Ridet, A. E.
- Ridiger (Rüdiger), Fedor Vasil’evič
- Ridley → Boon, Eleanor
- Riefer, Adolf
- Riefer, Katharina
- Riega, Bernardo
- Rieger, E.
- Rieger, František Ladislav (seit 1867) von
- Riego, Rafael del
- Riehmer, O.
- Riem, Hermann
- Riemann, Georg Friedrich Bernhard
- Ries, Adam
- Riesco, Francisco María
- Rieß, Peter Theophil
- Rigagno
- Rigaudière, E. La
- Rigault, Raoul-Georges-Adolphe
- Rigel, Franz Xaver
- Riggio, Antonio
- Rijke, Pieter Leonhard
- Rikman (Рикман), Petr Ivanovič
- Riley, William Harrison
- Rimestad, Christian Vilhelm
- Rimskij-Korsakov (Римский-Корсаков), Aleksandr Michajlovič
- Rinaldo →
- Rinaldo Rinaldini
- Rincón, Antonio del
- Ring, Max
- Ringel, Johann Friedrich
- Rings
- Rings, Mathias Werner
- Rintel, Karl Gustav Nikolaus
- Ripley, George
- Ripley, Roswell Sabine
- Ripperda, duque de Ripperdá, Johan Willem van
- Riquelme, Rodrigo
- Ris, F.
- Rissé, Joseph
- Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie, Charles Thomson
- Rittenhaus, Abr.
- Ritter, C. A.
- Ritter, Johann Wilhelm
- Ritter, Karl
- Rittershaus, Emil
- Rittinghausen, Moritz
- Rive, Auguste de la
- Rivero, Felipe
- Rivero, Mariano
- Riza Pascha
- Rizo Nerulos, Jacovaki
- Rjazanov, David Borisovič
- Robe, Eugène
- Robert, Fritz
- Robert, N.
- Robert Courteheuse →
- Robert I. (Schottland)
- Robert III. (Schottland)
- Robert de Citeaux →
- Robert de Molesme
- Robert the Bruce →
- Roberti
- Roberts, Richard
- Roberts, Sir George
- Roberts, William Prowting
- Roberts, William Randall
- Robertson, Patrick Francis
- Roberty, Eugène de
- Robert I. (le Sage)
- Robert II. (Burgund)
- Robert II. (Normandie)
- Robespierre, Maximilien François Marie Isidore Joseph de
- Robin, Anne-Louise (Alna)
- Robin, Charles Philippe
- Robin, Paul
- Robinet, Jean François Eugène
- Robinet, Jean-Baptiste René
- Robinson → Crusoe, Robinson
- Robinson
- Robinson
- Robinson, George Richard
- Robinson, John
- Robinson, John Richard
- Robinson, Sarah Tappan Doolittle
- Robinson, Therese Albertine Luise
- Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon, Viscount Goderich, Frederick John
- Robinson, 2nd Baron Grantham, Thomas
- Robolsky, Hermann
- Roby, Henry John
- Rocca, Albert Jean Michel de
- Rocchi, Alberto Rinieri de
- Rochas, Armand
- Rochat
- Rochat, Charles Michèle
- Rochau, August Ludwig von
- Roche, Sir Philip
- Rochefort, Henri
- Rochefort-Luçay → Rochefort, Henri
- Rochow, Gustav Adolf Rochus von
- Rochow, Theodor Heinrich Rochus von
- Rockefeller, John Davison
- Rodbertus, Johann Karl
- Rodbertus, Minette
- Rode → Marriet, Thekla
- Rode
- Rode, Carl
- Rode, Thekla
- Rode (Ehefrau)
- Rode (jun.), Carl
- Rodenback, Charles
- Rodenberg, Julius
- Rodenberg (vor der offiziellen Namensänderung) → Rodenberg, Julius
- Roderich
- Rodil y Campillo, marqués de Rodil, José Ramón
- Rodolphe III. (le Pieux)
- Rodomonte
- Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar → Cid, El
- Rodrigues, Benjamin-Olinde
- Rodríguez Rivas, Ignacio
- Rodwell, Josiah
- Rodwell, William
- Roebuck, John Arthur
- Roebuck, John H.
- Röckel, August
- Roeder, Johann Adam
- Rödiger → Hartmann, Bertha
- Rödiger
- Roepell, Richard
- Roeser, Peter Gerhard
- Roeser [Ehefrau]
- Roesgen, Charles
- Rösgen → Roesgen, Charles
- Roesgen von Floss, Philipp von
- Rösing, Johannes
- Roesler, Carl Friedrich Hermann
- Rössinger
- Rössinger
- Rogeard, Louis Auguste
- Rogers, James Edwin Thorold
- Rogers, John
- Roguet, comte, Christophe Michel
- Rohan, duc de Rohan, prince de Léon, Henri de
- Rohde, Rhode → Rode , Carl
- Rohmer, W.
- Rokitansky, Karl
- Roland de la Platière, Manon Jeanne Philipon
- Roll, W.
- Rolland, Stewart Erskine
- Rollenhagen, Georg
- Roller, Heinrich
- Rollo
- Rolt, John
- Rolt, Richard
- Romagosa
- Romai, José
- Romaine, William Govett
- Romana, Pedro Caro, marqués de la
- Romani, Felice
- Romanovskij (Романовский), Dmitrij Il'ič
- Romarate, Jacinto de
- Romero Alpuente, Juan
- Romey, Charles
- Romieu, Auguste
- Romilly, John
- Romm, Julie
- Rommel, Eugen
- Romulus
- Romulus Augustus
- Roncalí, (seit 1846) conde de Alcoy, Federico
- Roner, Johannes
- Ronge, Johannes
- Ronghar → Harring, Harro
- Ronna, Antoine Colomb Constant
- Roodhuyzen, Hendrik
- Roon, Albrecht (seit 1871) Graf von
- Roos, Leonhard
- Rorarius, Hieronymus
- Roret, J.
- Ros, Juan Guillermo
- Rosas O'Donavan → O'Donovan Rossa, Jeremiah
- Rosas O'Donavan → O'Donovan Rossa , Mary Jane (Molly)
- Rosbach, Matthias
- Roscher, Wilhelm
- Roscoe, Sir Henry
- Rose
- Rose, George
- Rose, Sir William Anderson
- Rose, 2nd Baronet, Sir William
- Rosecrans, William Starke
- Roselius, Christian
- Rosenau, Ananias
- Rosenberg, Wilhelm Ludwig
- Rosenblum, Eduard
- Rosencrantz
- Rosencranz, Baron
- Rosenthal, A.
- Rosenthal, Eduard
- Rosenthal, G.
- Rosher, Charles Howard
- Roskill, G. oder C.
- Ross, D.
- Ross, James
- Rossa
- Rossa, Jeremiah O'Donovan siehe O'Donovan Rossa, Jeremiah
- Rossa, Mary Jane O'Donovan siehe O'Donovan Rossa, Mary Jane (Molly)
- Rossel, Louis Nathaniel
- Rosser, Charles
- Rossi, Pellegrino Luigi Edoardo de
- Rossi, V.
- Rossi, Valerio
- Rost, Valentin Christian Friedrich
- Rostovcev (Ростовцев), Jakov Ivanovič
- Rota, Pietro
- Rota, Pietro
- Roth → Schorlemmer, Katharine Philippine
- Roth, Hulda
- Roth, Johann Ferdinand
- Roth, Johannes
- Roth, Richard
- Rothchild → Rothschild, Salomon Meyer von
- Rothchild, Rothshild → Rothschild, Anselm Salomon von
- Rothenburg, Friedrich Rudolf von
- Rothschild, Anselm Salomon von
- Rothschild, H. J.
- Rothschild, James (Jakob) Mayer von
- Rothschild, Lionel Nathan von
- Rothschild, Mayer Carl von
- Rothschild, Salomon Meyer von
- Rothschild (Familie)
- Rotteck, Carl von
- Rotten, Antonio
- Rougemont de Loewenberg, Denis de
- Rougerie, E.
- Rouget de Lisle, Claude Joseph
- Rouher, Eugène
- Rouillé, Pierre de
- Rouland, Gustave
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
- Roussel, Ferdinand François
- Rousselle
- Rousset de Missy, Jean
- Roussin, Albin Reine
- Roux, François Pierre de
- Rovigo, Anne Jean Marie René Savary de
- Rowsell, Francis Wallace
- Roy, Henry
- Roy, Joseph
- Roychand, Premchand
- Royer, Clémence
- Royer-Collard, Pierre-Paul
- Rozalowski → Rożałowski, Włodzimierz
- Rozan, Philomène
- Rozwadowski, Józef
- Rozwadowsky → Rozwadowski, Józef
- Rożałowski, Włodzimierz
- Rubichon, Maurice
- Rubio, Juan Manuel
- Ruckwied → Pfänder, Caroline Louise
- Rudder, J. de
- Rudio, marchese da Belluno, Carlo
- Rudolf August
- Rudolf I.
- Rudolf II.
- Rübel, Karl Theodor
- Rübner, G.
- Rückert, Friedrich
- Rüdiger
- Rüefli, J.
- Rüegg, Reinhold
- Rueff → Chorinsky-Ledske, Mathilde Gräfin von
- Rühl, J.
- Rühlmann, Moritz Richard
- Rühmkorff, Heinrich Daniel
- Rüstow, Alexander
- Rüstow, Cäsar
- Rüstow, Wilhelm
- Ruett
- Rütten, Joseph Jakob
- Ruge, Arnold
- Ruge, Franziska (Franzisca)
- Ruhl → Rühl, J.
- Ruhland, Gustav
- Rulhière, Claude Carloman de
- Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, (seit 1791) Graf von
- Rumjancev, Graf, Nikolaj Petrovič
- Runkel, Johann
- Rusanov (Русановъ), Nikolaj A.
- Rusanov (Русановъ), Nikolaj Sergěevič
- Rusdorf, Johann Joachim von
- Ruslan
- Russel → Russell, 1st Earl Russell, John
- Russell
- Russell, Edward
- Russell, George William
- Russell, Robert
- Russell, Sir William Howard
- Russell, 1st Earl Russell, John
- Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford, John
- Russell, Viscount Amberley, John
- Rutenberg, Adolf
- Rutenberg, Otto von
- Rutson, Albert O.
- Rutty, John
- Ruy Blas
- Ryan → Jung, Sarah
- Rybczynski, Franciszek
- Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby, Viscount Sandon, Dudley
- Ryhs ap Tewdwr
- Ryläjeff → Ryleev, Kondratij Fedorovič
- Ryleev, Kondratij Fedorovič
- Ryžov
- Rónay, János
- Róth, Mátyás