July 11, 1868.
The Economist, 11. Juli 1868. S. 785/786.
Schließen
Contract Price per Cwt. for Bread.
(figures just issued by the Board of Guardians of
Whitechapel).
For Workhouse per cwt. | For school. cwt. | |
---|---|---|
s. d. | s. d. | |
From Dec. 1864 to June 1865 | 9 8 | 10 3 |
June 1865 … Dec. 1865 | 10 2 | 10 8 |
Dec. 1865 … June 1866 | 12 6 | 12 2 |
June 1866 … Dec. 1866 | 12 6 | 12 9 |
Dec. 1866 … June 1867 | 16 9 | 16 6 |
June 1867 … Dec. 1867 | 16 3 | 16 6 |
Dec. 1867 … March 1868 | 17 3 | 17 0 |
March 1868 … June 1868 | 17 10 | 17 0 |
One must never forget how great a pressure a high price of wheat is upon the poor, and how much money a low price sets loose to be expended on other things. Im obigen Fall rise of 70 P.Ct. in the first necessary of life – a most heavy burden on poor consumers, and which at once affects all the producers of the other articles which such poor consumers are by it prevented from consuming.
The Economist, 11. Juli 1868. S. 788/789.
Schließen
Sir Morton
Peto and the London,
Chatham, and Dover Co.
We shall never know the truth. The parties in the Bankruptcy Court have agreed to a compromise.
The Commissioner (Bankruptcy judge) said he could give no judgment; the information before him was so incomplete. In the Bankruptcy Court, there is no one to enforce the investigation of that which the parties to the suit are willing to hide.
Originally; the Lond., Chath. and Dover Co claimed from the joint estate of Peto, Betts, and Crampton £6,600,000, and Peto, Betts, and Crampton claimed £210,000 from them; now, by an „arrangement“, the Co. still reserve their right to claim for the £6,600,000, but they agree only to prove for 365,000£; Peto, Betts, and Crampton resigning all claim, of course, to the £210,000. The Lond., Chath., and Dover could not do otherwise. There are no assets of Peto, Betts, and Crampton worth the name. Omitting the Lond., Chath., and Dover Co’s claim and securities, the estate stands thus:
Liabilities. | |||
---|---|---|---|
Unsecured creditors | £260,000 | ||
Dto secured | £1,098,263 | 382,150 | |
Less property held on security | 716,113 | ||
Summa | 642,676 | ||
Assets | |||
Cash | 774l. | ||
Debtors’ Goods | 1,145 | ||
Summa | 1,919. | | |
Bemerkung von Marx.
Schließen Also: 1,919£ Assets gegen 642,676 liab.,
abgesehn von claims of Lond., Chatham, and Dover. This is
probably the worst asset that even the panic of 1866 can show, and no
matter what you prove against it you are sure to get nothing.
As is usual in such cases, there is an unsettled account which might be litigated between the joint estate of the two bankrupts, Peto and Betts, and the estate of the three, Peto, Betts, and Crampton. But it is not worth while litigating it; the estate of Peto, Betts, and Crampton will be still very bad, and if each item is thoroughly argued, the lawyers will have all the money from both estates. If both firms had money in hand, it would have been spent „on law“. Now as one litigant had no money there has been a compromise.
Liabilities | ||
---|---|---|
Unsecured creditors | £356,654 | |
London, Chatham, and Dover Railway | 119,842 | |
Secured creditors | £427,558 | 162,007 |
Less Property held by Creditors | 265,551 | |
Total | £638,503 | |
Assets | ||
Cash | 1,471 | |
Other Property | 529,375 | |
Total | 530,846 |
Of course, the property will not yield that amount; and there are to be contingent liabilities in addition.
The Economist, 11. Juni 1868. S. 789.
Schließen
Finance versus Finance. Zusatz von Marx.
Schließen (Lewis. Hauptschwindler)
Case decided by the Master of Rolls. Both parties eager for sudden gains, the keenest ruining the other in the end. The 2 parties: The National Land Credit Co. of Ireland, and Mr. David Leopold Lewis (a bankrupt in 1852, and 1858, and well known as one of the „inexplicables“ of the old firm of Overend, Gurney, et Co.). The contract was for a loan to Lewis from the Co. of £460,000, of which he was to have £200,000 at once in acceptances, and for which he was to pay (besides interest) a bonus of £46,000, and take shares in the Co. for £200,000, paying up £100,000. The securities deposited were debentures on certain Irish Railways, and if they were good the transaction was certainly favourable to the Co. They got an immense bonus, sold of off a great many of their own shares, and gave no real money; as was the case then with all such Cos., they made their loans in acceptances. But Lewis became a director of the Co., and used his influence there – first, to get additional bills accepted to which he was not entitled; and next, to take away the securities which he pledged for the bills to which he was entitled. He received irregular paper, and abstracted deposited security almost simultaneously. Of course, he failed without assets and the Co. have nothing except acceptances for which they are liable and which they will have to pay.
The case came before Lord Romilly in the matter of Overends. At one time that firm had lent Lewis – a man without a shilling – 500,000l., and he proposed to reduce that debt by giving acceptances of the Irish Land Credit, and transferring to them the „debentures“ or whatever it was that the Overends were pleased to call part of their security (against Lewis). The bills so deposited were above the amount which the Chairman of the Co. was authorised by the board to sign, and under the articles of association the Chairman could only accept bills by the board’s authority. The National Land Credit Co. argued that they ought not to pay the bills because they were given ultra vires and void ab initio. Lord Romilly held, that in the hands of indorsers for value and without notice such bills were good; and Co. must pay.
The Economist, 11. Juli 1868. S. 790/791.
Schließen
From: Annual Report (1868) of the Irish Poor Law
Commissioners.
Year ended 29 Sept. | Net Annual Value of Property Rated | Amount of Poor Rate Collected. | Total Poor Relief Expenditure. | Total Expenditure. | Poundage of the Expenditure on Valuation. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poor Relief. | Total. | |||||||
s. | d. | s. | d. | |||||
1852 |
£11,172,586 | £1,109,630 | £883,267 | £1,099,678 | 1. | 7. | 1. | 111/2 |
1853 | 11,308,015 | 1,009,493 | 785,718 | 1,053,987 | 1. | 43/4 | 1. | 101/4 |
1854 | 11,463,595 | 925,154 | 760,152 | 921,384 | 1. | 4 | 1. | 71/4 |
1855 | 11,565,466 | 835,894 | 685,259 | 788,873 | 1. | 21/4 | 1. | 41/4 |
1856 | 11,709,934 | 723,204 | 576,390 | 671,066 | 0. | 113/4 | 1. | 11/4 |
1857 | 11,877,088 | 585,583 | 498,889 | 590,765 | 0. | 10 | 1. | 0 |
1858 | 12,091,564 | 525,595 | 457,178 | 550,243 | 0. | 9 | 0. | 11 |
1859 | 12,213,620 | 523,065 | 413,712 | 513,614 | 0. | 81/4 | 0. | 10 |
1860 | 12,280,029 | 509,380 | 454,531 | 558,835 | 0. | 9 | 0. | 11 |
1861 | 12,442,510 | 584,548 | 516,769 | 621,474 | 0. | 10 | 1. | 0 |
1862 | 12,567,495 | 686,715 | 578,789 | 685,776 | 0. | 111/2 | 1. | 1 |
1863 | 12,623,539 | 723,843 | 605,981 | 716,523 | 0. | 111/2 | 1. | 11/2 |
1864 | 12,754,954 | 744,894 | 596,465 | 734,219 | 0. | 111/4 | 1. | 13/4 |
1865 | 12,935,165 | 748,422 | 600,549 | 731,852 | 0. | 111/4 | 1. | 11/2 |
1866 | 12,989,062 12,989,026 | 749,757 | 611,831 | 754,667 | 0. | 111/4 | 1. | 2 |
1867 | 13,045,725 | 762,644 | 676,776 | 824,449 | 1. | 01/2 | 1. | 31/4 |
(Verte)|
The Economist, 11. Juli 1868. S. 794/795.
Schließen
Amount of gold, silver, and copper monies coined in
each year 1853–67.
Gold. (£) | Silver. (£) | Copper. (£) | Total. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1853 | 11,952,391 | 701,544 | 10,190 | 12,664,125 |
1854 | 4,152,183 | 140,480 | 61,538 | |
1855 | 9,008,663 | 195,510 | 41,091 | |
1856 | 6,002,114 | 462,582 | 11,418 | |
1857 | 4,859,860 | 373,230 | 6,720 | |
1858 | 1,231,023 | 445,896 | 13,440 | |
1859 | 2,649,509 | 647,064 | 8,512 | |
1860 | 3,121,709 | 218,403 | 37,990 | |
1861 | 8,190,170 | 209,484 | 273,578 | |
1862 | 7,836,413 | 148,518 | 352,800 | |
1863 | 6,997,212 | 161,172 | 151,648 | |
1864 | 9,535,597 | 535,194 | 18,069 | |
1865 | 2,367,614 | 501,732 | 57,493 | |
1866 | 5,076,676 | 493,416 | 50,624 | |
1867 | 496,397 | 193,842 | 33,301 | 723,540. Consider difference of 1853 und 1867. |
1858 | Gold: | £22,793,126 | Silver Bullion and Specie: | 6,700,064£ |
1859 | 22,297,698 | 14,772,458 | ||
1860 | 12,584,684 | 10,393,512 | ||
1861 | 12,163,937 | 6,583,108 | ||
1862 | 19,903,704 | 11,752,772 | ||
1863 | 19,142,665 | 10,888,129 | ||
1864 | 16,900,951 | 10,827,325 | ||
1865 | 14,485,570 | 6,976,641 | ||
1866 | 23,509,641 | 10,777,498 | ||
1867 | 15,800,159 | 8,020,888 |
Inhalt:
- January 4, 1868.
- January 11, 1868.
- Railways und State Control.
-
Caledonian Railway.
(Report of Committ. of
Investigation)
- Contract
Corporation (Lim.)
(Chancery in)
- Insurance Cos. Their Getting up and
Winding up (Workingmen
beschissen).
- Silk in 1867. (Annual Circular of Durant et
Co.)
- Agricultural Implements. 1867. (Annual
Circular of Burgess and Key.)
- Railways und State Control.
- January 18, ’68.
- 25. January 1868.
- The Stock and Share Markets during 1867.
- Italian Deficits.
-
Midland Railway.
(Börsenmogelei und
Directors.)
-
Caledonian
Railway. (Ersatz des
Verschleisses.)
- Banks and Railway Cos.
- Overend,
Gurney et Co. (lim.) Report of the
Liquidators.
- Capital of Railways in U. Kingd. Board of Trade
Return. (für 1866)
- Lawyers and railways
- Railway Trains (1866)
- Causes of Commercial Depression. (Eingesandt
von
G.
Townend. Mincing Lane.)
- The Stock and Share Markets during 1867.
- 1 February, 1868.
- 8 February 1868.
- 15 February, 1868.
- 22 February 1868.
- 29. February 1868.
- 7. March. 1868.
- March 14, 1868.
- March 21, 1868.
- March 28, 1868.
- April 4. 1868.
- April 11. 1868.
- 18 April 1868.
- April 25, 1868.
- May 2, 1868.
- May 9, 1868.
- May 16.
1866
1868
.
- 23. May 1868.
- May 30, 1868.
- June 13, 1868.
- June 20. 1868.
- June 27. 1868.
- July 11. 1868.
- Alderman
Dakin.
- H. E.
Bird, public Accountant, Estimate of Railway (nach
den official accounts der Directors
(!))
- Labor of Superintendence. Venezuelan Loan.
(„Venezuela: Its Government and its People, and the History of
the Loan of 1864. By E. B. Eastwick, C. B. F.R.S., late
Secretary of legation at the Court of Persia; and
Commissioner for the Venezuelan Loan for 1864.“ (London.
1868.))
- Income Tax. Ireland.
- Australian Gold. Imports in U. Kingd.
for 10 J. end. 1867 (inclusive).
- Alderman
Dakin.
- July 18. 1868.
- July 25. 1868.
- August 1. 1868.
- August 8. 1868.
- 15 August. 1868.
- 22. August. 1868.
- August 29. 1868.
- 5 September. 1868.
- 12. September 1868.
- September 19. 1868.
- 26. September. 1868.
- October 3. 1868.
- October 10, 1868.
- October 17. 1868.
- October 24. 1868.
- October 31. 1868.
- November 7. 1868.
- November 14. 1868.
- November 21. 1868.
- 28 November 1868.
- 5 December 1868.
- 12 December 1868.
- 19 December 1868.
- Nachtrag zu November 14. 1868.
- 26 December 1868.
- January 4, 1868.
- 11 January 1868.
- 25 January. 1868.
- 1 February, 1868.
- February 8, 1868.
- February 15, 1868.
- February 22. 1868.
- 29 February. 1868.
- March 7, 1868.
- March 14. 1868.
- 21 March. 1868.
- 28 March 1868.
- April 4. 1868.
- April 11. 1868.
- April 18. 1868.
- April 25. 1868.
- May 2, 1868.
- May 16, 1868.
- May 23. 1868.
- May 30. 1868.
- June 6. 1868.
- July 4, 1868.
- June 13, 1868.
- June 27, 1868.
- July 11, 1868.
- Contract Price per Cwt. for Bread.
(figures just issued by the Board of Guardians of
Whitechapel).
- Sir Morton
Peto and the London,
Chatham, and Dover Co.
- Finance versus Finance. (Lewis. Hauptschwindler)
- From: Annual Report (1868) of the Irish Poor Law
Commissioners.
- Amount of gold, silver, and copper monies coined in
each year 1853–67.
- Contract Price per Cwt. for Bread.
(figures just issued by the Board of Guardians of
Whitechapel).
- July 18. 1868.
- August 1, 1868.
- August 8, 1868.
- August 15, 1868.
- August 22, 1868.
- October 10. 1868.
- November. 21. 1868.
- December 5, 1868.
- December 12, 1868.
- December 26, 1868.
- Ch. I Definition:
- Ch. II. International Indebtedness
- Ch. III. Various Classes of Foreign Bills in which
International Indebtedness is ultimately embodied.
- Ch. IV. Fluctuations in the price of foreign
bills.
- Ch. V. Interpretation of the Foreign
Exchanges.
- Ch. VI. Socalled Correctives of the Foreign
Exchanges.
- I)
Wechselrechnung etc.
-
Intermezzo. (Kettenregel, und Prozentrechnung)
- Alligationsrechnung.
-
Procentrechnung.
- Zinsrechnung.
- A) Einfache Zinsen.
A) Einfache Zinsen.
- I)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen eines Kapitals.
- II)
Aufsuchung des Kapitals.
- III)
Aufsuchung des Zinsfusses.
- IV)
Aufsuchung der Zeit.
- V)
Aufsuchung eines um die Zinsen vermehrten
Kapitals.
- VI)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen oder des Kapitals,
welche in einem, Kapital u. Zinsen darstellenden,
Werth enthalten sind.
- VII)
Aufsuchung eines mittleren Zinsfusses für
mehrere Kapitalien.
- I)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen eines Kapitals.
- B)
Berechnung Zusammengesezter Zinsen.
- A) Einfache Zinsen.
A) Einfache Zinsen.
-
Discontrechnung.
-
Terminrechnung. (Reductionsrechnung, Zeitrechnung)
-
Wechselrechnung (cont. von
p. 118)