July 4, 1868.
The Economist, 4. Juli 1868. S. 757.
Schließen
Fall of Revenue. 1868.
Unfavourable Revenue. In 1860,
1,964,000l. less than the estimated revenue
und deficit, excess of expenditure over income, of
£2,500,000. Im Jahr 1860 harvest schlecht, so dießmal. Dann
diminution in industry, consequent on the panic of 1866. The effects of
1866 zeigen sich erst jezt in effect upon revenue. Der
immediate effect einer crisis ist on the rate of
interest. In a very few months capital becomes cheap, because no one
engages in new business to use it. But old business has to be finished,
contracts made in the day days of prosperity have to be completed in a time of anxiety; the
income of the working class is not at first greatly affected. Zusatz
von Marx.
Schließen (?) Gradually it is diminished: first the
trade directly influenced by the panic are dull and disordered; the
income of those employed in such trades declines: then their purchases
from other trades diminish of necessity; then those trades suffer too;
then the decline in those second trades affects other trades from which
they buy; and so a general slowness of commerce and bad remuneration is
propagated round the commercial world. But we must not look for the
effect as if it were a sudden coup d’état – an instant decline of all
things 10%. It is a gradual influence, not beginning till some time
after a panic, steadily transmitted and steadily accumulated.
The Economist, 4. Juli 1868. S. 758/759.
Schließen
The French Railway and the French
Government.
Meaning of 1st, 2nd, 3rd réseau: Gvt in various ways induced the old Cos to undertake the new railways. Each reseau belongs to a distinct kind of bargain with the State, and each bargain has features of its own which other bargains in the same reseau have not. To some the State gives more aid, to some less; from some it exacts more service, from other less. … Pouyer-Quertier, a Rouen manufacturer, boldly asserts that the French Gvt. lavishes vast sums on these railways; that under the name of „subvention“ the State |71 maintains the Cos; that were it not for State help some Cos. would be insolvent, and that nearly all of them would be less prosperous than now, if the State exacted all its rights and enforced on the Cos. all their duties. … An absolute Gvt necessarily acting through men who were poor yesterday, and who wish to be rich to-morrow, influenced by corrupt motives … the present Gvt. of France has always had a taint of share dealing. Some of the principal actors in the coup d’état were deep on the Bourse … Nach Pouyer-Quertier large sums have been spent by the Gvt. on subordinate railways; state made bargains by which it is impoverished that these subordinate railways did not pay and never could have paid; that they were not selected because as railways they were likely to be permanently profitable, but because as momentary instruments of speculation they were likely to augment the gains of influential persons. A gvt of new men, a gvt of poor men, and a gvt. with Bourse connections, is always likely to do this.
Im Lauf dieser discussions (Corps Législatif) kam auch heraus, whence the „Crédit Mobilier“ obtained its deposits. Some of the French railway Cos. have been made to keep money idle. The Company du Midi had nearly 2,500,000l. on deposit in the Credit Mobilier in 1865 and 1866. The managers of the Credit Mobilier were managers of the railway, managers of the concessions, managers of the Bourse, managers of the Gvt., and somehow this large sum did permanently stay as a deposit in the Caisse of the Credit.
Inhalt:
- January 4, 1868.
- January 11, 1868.
- Railways und State Control.
-
Caledonian Railway.
(Report of Committ. of
Investigation)
- Contract
Corporation (Lim.)
(Chancery in)
- Insurance Cos. Their Getting up and
Winding up (Workingmen
beschissen).
- Silk in 1867. (Annual Circular of Durant et
Co.)
- Agricultural Implements. 1867. (Annual
Circular of Burgess and Key.)
- Railways und State Control.
- January 18, ’68.
- 25. January 1868.
- The Stock and Share Markets during 1867.
- Italian Deficits.
-
Midland Railway.
(Börsenmogelei und
Directors.)
-
Caledonian
Railway. (Ersatz des
Verschleisses.)
- Banks and Railway Cos.
- Overend,
Gurney et Co. (lim.) Report of the
Liquidators.
- Capital of Railways in U. Kingd. Board of Trade
Return. (für 1866)
- Lawyers and railways
- Railway Trains (1866)
- Causes of Commercial Depression. (Eingesandt
von
G.
Townend. Mincing Lane.)
- The Stock and Share Markets during 1867.
- 1 February, 1868.
- 8 February 1868.
- 15 February, 1868.
- 22 February 1868.
- 29. February 1868.
- 7. March. 1868.
- March 14, 1868.
- March 21, 1868.
- March 28, 1868.
- April 4. 1868.
- April 11. 1868.
- 18 April 1868.
- April 25, 1868.
- May 2, 1868.
- May 9, 1868.
- May 16.
1866
1868
.
- 23. May 1868.
- May 30, 1868.
- June 13, 1868.
- June 20. 1868.
- June 27. 1868.
- July 11. 1868.
- Alderman
Dakin.
- H. E.
Bird, public Accountant, Estimate of Railway (nach
den official accounts der Directors
(!))
- Labor of Superintendence. Venezuelan Loan.
(„Venezuela: Its Government and its People, and the History of
the Loan of 1864. By E. B. Eastwick, C. B. F.R.S., late
Secretary of legation at the Court of Persia; and
Commissioner for the Venezuelan Loan for 1864.“ (London.
1868.))
- Income Tax. Ireland.
- Australian Gold. Imports in U. Kingd.
for 10 J. end. 1867 (inclusive).
- Alderman
Dakin.
- July 18. 1868.
- July 25. 1868.
- August 1. 1868.
- August 8. 1868.
- 15 August. 1868.
- 22. August. 1868.
- August 29. 1868.
- 5 September. 1868.
- 12. September 1868.
- September 19. 1868.
- 26. September. 1868.
- October 3. 1868.
- October 10, 1868.
- October 17. 1868.
- October 24. 1868.
- October 31. 1868.
- November 7. 1868.
- November 14. 1868.
- November 21. 1868.
- 28 November 1868.
- 5 December 1868.
- 12 December 1868.
- 19 December 1868.
- Nachtrag zu November 14. 1868.
- 26 December 1868.
- January 4, 1868.
- 11 January 1868.
- 25 January. 1868.
- 1 February, 1868.
- February 8, 1868.
- February 15, 1868.
- February 22. 1868.
- 29 February. 1868.
- March 7, 1868.
- March 14. 1868.
- 21 March. 1868.
- 28 March 1868.
- April 4. 1868.
- April 11. 1868.
- April 18. 1868.
- April 25. 1868.
- May 2, 1868.
- May 16, 1868.
- May 23. 1868.
- May 30. 1868.
- June 6. 1868.
- July 4, 1868.
- June 13, 1868.
- June 27, 1868.
- July 11, 1868.
- Contract Price per Cwt. for Bread.
(figures just issued by the Board of Guardians of
Whitechapel).
- Sir Morton
Peto and the London,
Chatham, and Dover Co.
- Finance versus Finance. (Lewis. Hauptschwindler)
- From: Annual Report (1868) of the Irish Poor Law
Commissioners.
- Amount of gold, silver, and copper monies coined in
each year 1853–67.
- Contract Price per Cwt. for Bread.
(figures just issued by the Board of Guardians of
Whitechapel).
- July 18. 1868.
- August 1, 1868.
- August 8, 1868.
- August 15, 1868.
- August 22, 1868.
- October 10. 1868.
- November. 21. 1868.
- December 5, 1868.
- December 12, 1868.
- December 26, 1868.
- Ch. I Definition:
- Ch. II. International Indebtedness
- Ch. III. Various Classes of Foreign Bills in which
International Indebtedness is ultimately embodied.
- Ch. IV. Fluctuations in the price of foreign
bills.
- Ch. V. Interpretation of the Foreign
Exchanges.
- Ch. VI. Socalled Correctives of the Foreign
Exchanges.
- I)
Wechselrechnung etc.
-
Intermezzo. (Kettenregel, und Prozentrechnung)
- Alligationsrechnung.
-
Procentrechnung.
- Zinsrechnung.
- A) Einfache Zinsen.
A) Einfache Zinsen.
- I)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen eines Kapitals.
- II)
Aufsuchung des Kapitals.
- III)
Aufsuchung des Zinsfusses.
- IV)
Aufsuchung der Zeit.
- V)
Aufsuchung eines um die Zinsen vermehrten
Kapitals.
- VI)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen oder des Kapitals,
welche in einem, Kapital u. Zinsen darstellenden,
Werth enthalten sind.
- VII)
Aufsuchung eines mittleren Zinsfusses für
mehrere Kapitalien.
- I)
Aufsuchung der Zinsen eines Kapitals.
- B)
Berechnung Zusammengesezter Zinsen.
- A) Einfache Zinsen.
A) Einfache Zinsen.
-
Discontrechnung.
-
Terminrechnung. (Reductionsrechnung, Zeitrechnung)
-
Wechselrechnung (cont. von
p. 118)